Electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) are everywhere in modern
society, generated by sources as diverse as electric blankets,
video display terminals and power lines. Estimating exposure
for birth defects research poses problems, however. Significant
exposure comes only from close contact, as the intensity of
EMFs decreases dramatically with distance. Individual factors
(for example, wiring configurations, appliance brand) may also
be important.
Despite these limitations, the California Birth Defects Monitoring
Program addressed the question: Are electromagnetic fields
a potent cause of birth defects? Our studies suggest they
are not.
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No clearcut association was seen between
using electric bed-heating devices (electric blankets,
mattress pads or waterbed heaters) and neural tube defects
or oral clefts. Using devices more frequently, for longer
periods or at higher settings did not raise risk compared
to lower use levels.  |
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Living within 150-300 feet of high voltage
power lines did not elevate risk for birth defects. |
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